Where is bharat

For that matter, apart from the three most common names — India, Bharat, and Hindustan — used to designate the South Asian subcontinent, there are several other nomenclatures applied across different points in time, and from multiple socio-political points of view, to describe the geographical entity or parts of it that we now know as India.

Consequently, when the Constitution of the country was being prepared, a heated argument had ensued with regard to the naming of the country in a way that would be most suitable to the sentiments of its multicultural, vivacious population.

It is important to note that in geographical terms, the space that is today referred to as India, was never a constant entity in the preceding centuries. However, scholars have often pointed out that one of the oldest names used in association with the Indian subcontinent was Meluha that was mentioned in the texts of ancient Mesopotamia in the third millennium BCE, to refer to the Indus Valley Civilisation.

But Meluha, of course, had lost currency way before modern political systems developed in the region. Its shape and dimensions varied across different ancient texts. In that sense, Bharata, as explained by Ojha, was more of a religious and socio-cultural entity, rather than a political or a geographical one.

Yet, on another note, Bharata is also believed to be the mythical founder of the race. Apart from Bharat though, there are few other names associated with the country as well that trace their roots to Vedic literature.

Why not U. If that is not acceptable there are other very fine names like Avadh, Ayodhya, Ganga, etc. Why should they usurp the name of the whole of India and tell us they are the people who are the only custodians of India? I strongly resent their monopolising the name of India.

I assure you that U. You say why not give it the name of Avadh. Avadh is one of the very important parts of U. Avadh has a tradition of Nawabs and feudal lords which we do not want. The solution is that the Provinces must be consulted and it must be acceptable to all-India authority and the all-India authority is the President and the President means the President and the Cabinet. Sidhva, this solution was no guarantee:. Supposing they change it to Hindustan, what will be the remedy if the Provincial Legislature also says that U.

India in future will be called Bharat but that does not mean that we discard the name Hindustan. Therefore you must tell me Sir how to safeguard the interests of the country in seeing that this word Hindustan is not adopted by the U. This was known already. But when it came to the naming question, Bharat was the first name to appear. Bharatvarsh, Aryavarta and Hind were but marginally mentioned. Hindustan was never considered in this context. The task of describing them is enormous in scope and would require consulting an immense variety of sources.

In this final section I merely look at some of the prevailing demands and statements at the time of writing this article. I do so on the basis of information found on internet blogs, personal pages and also printed materials appearing on the net such as newspapers, all in English. As one would expect, the most likely place where this occurs is the Hindu nationalist milieu. A case in point is the article published in July by V.

Sundaram, a retired member of the IAS and a freelance journalist known for his Hindutva leanings. According to V. But, he argued, this was a misconception: the word Bharat carries no communalist overtones and therefore it should be the sole official name of the country. Pakistan is also India, Bangladesh is also India, our country India is also India—all these three Indias together can legitimately be called India in the larger geographical sense.

We can possibly think of the name India as being appropriate for such a Federation if and ever it becomes relevant in the future. There is at least one Congress MP Goa who entertains the idea, if one is to judge by the Bill Shantaram Naik introduced on 9 August in the upper house of parliament Rajya Sabha to amend the first article.

Stating his reasons, the Member of Parliament declared:. The name also generates the sense of patriotism and electrifies the people of this country. It also finds its way in a context of anti-English or rather anti-Western crusades.

Words do have a life of their own! Subramanian Swamy, the president of the Janata Party who was then teaching economics at Harvard, made the same demand. Its processes are shaped by broad socio-political conditions and can be studied from several angles.

In this paper I have adopted a cultural history perspective. The evidence presented shows that it was the Puranic memory of a naturally bounded sea, mountains and specifically socially organized territory where human beings could fulfill the specific sets of socioreligious duties required to maintain their cultural identity.

Pursuing the history of the reception of the Constitutional equation of Bharat and India in all its social and political complexities was beyond the scope of my enquiry.

I have merely pointed to two contemporary phenomena: the name Hindustan has continued to be widely used in spite of, or may be thanks to, its plurality of meanings and the implication of the equivalence of Bharat with India has remained a subject of debate. Ali, S. Barrow, Ian J. Bayly, Christopher A.

II, part. Cohn, Bernard S. Embree, Ainslie T. Fox ed. Hay, Stephen ed. Lorenzen, David, N. Oberoi, H. Utz eds. Savarkar, Vinayak Damodar Hindutva. Who is a Hindu? Smith, Donald E. Strachey, John, India , London, K. Ltd, []. Their suggestions were very helpful. Responsibility for the content of my article is entirely my own. Notwithstanding their diverse linguistic forms, all these terms share the same etymology and connect an inhabited land with the Indus River.

I am grateful to Aminah Mohammad-Arif for this reference. They are separated from each other by oceans of different composition saltwater, syrup, wine, ghee, milk and fresh water , a configuration that suggests that they are mutually inaccessible and reinforces their insularity.

See Rocher ; see also Rocher and Pollock ff. It is nine thousand leagues in extent, and is the land of works, in consequence of which men go to heaven, or obtain emancipation. See also Kane 17 , Kane See also Pollock Curiously, Hindustan is outside the enquiry of Goswami 1.

Those words have been rendered with diacritical marks in what follows. Let it be kept in mind that for Savarkar 80 a Hindu is not to be identified by religion alone. Hindu does not mean a believer of Hinduism, it is a national and cultural designation. Jains, Buddhists and Sikhs too are Hindus. It was precisely to refute any parochial and narrow-minded significance which might, as in the case of Aryavarta be attached to this word that the definition of the word Sindhusthan was rid of any association with a particular institution or party-coloured suggestion.

Its first reading was held from 21 February to 26 Oct. This battle took place on the river Ravi in Punjab. As a result, Sudasa achieved a great thumping victory over the confederacy of ten kings. Which further led to the popularity of King Sudasa and people eventually started identifying themselves as members of the Bharata tribe.

Second, is according to Mahabharata and Bharata Chakravarti:. According to Mahabharata the popular story states that India was called Bharatvarsha after the king named Bharata Chakravarti.

Bharata was a legendary emperor and the founder of Bharata Dynasty and an ancestor of the Pandavas and Kauravas. Also, a descendant of Kshatriya Varna.

According to Vishnu Purana—. Therefore, it is also said that the name Bharata is derived from the ancient Indian texts, the Puranas which refers to the land that comprises India as Bharata Varsam. They used this term to distinguish it from other varsas or continents.

Amazing is that this Bharat Empire i.